Air Quality Monitoring Using Internet of Things (IoT) Technologies and Case Studies

Monitoring air quality is essential for understanding environmental pollution and alleviating its impact on public health. With advancements in Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, air quality monitoring systems have turned more efficient, affordable, and available. This chapter examines the integration of IoT in monitoring air quality, highlighting crucial technologies, frameworks, and practical case studies. Systems for monitoring air quality based on IoT incorporate affordable sensors, wireless communication networks, data analytics platforms, and cloud computing. These elements together function to deliver real-time data on different air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3).This chapter presents details about various sensor technologies, such as metal oxide, optical, and electrochemical sensors, along with their suitability for IoT applications. It also covers wireless communication protocols such as NB-IoT, Zigbee, and LoRaWAN that aid in effective data transmission across different environments. It focuses on cloud-based platforms and edge computing solutions for data storage, processing, and visualization, emphasizing their importance in enabling real-time decision-making. In addition, various case studies from urban and industrial environments illustrate the practical uses and advantages of air quality monitoring systems based on IoT that can be analysed. These examples contribute to advancements in pollution detection, regulatory systems, and public awareness. Ultimately, the chapter discusses obstacles such as sensor calibration, data precision, and privacy concerns, while offering perspectives for future research and development.