Basic Physiological Aspects of the Cardiovascular System and Pathophysiology of CHD
摘要
The primary role of the cardiovascular circulatory system (heart, blood, and blood vessels) is to maintain homeostasis in the interstitial fluid and, thus, cell perfusion. The heart is a specialized muscular organ system that ejects with rhythmic contractions blood from the low-pressure venous system into a high-pressure arterial system. To achieve this goal, the blood flows within the heart in a unidirectional way (due to the presence of valves) with changing pressures according to different phases of the cardiac cycle.