Modification of Liquid Metal

Gallium-based liquid metal at room temperature is a material with unique properties, including low toxicity, low vapor pressure, chemical stability, and good fluidity, making it highly promising for a wide range of applications. Researchers have focused on utilizing these versatile properties, leading to developments in biomedical technology, catalysts, soft electronics, actuators, sensors, microfluidics, and pattern technology. To expand the range of applications and further enhance its unique attributes, effective methods for modifying liquid metal have been developed. Recent advances in modifying liquid metal include techniques such as controlling oxide layers, coating with powders or particles, grafting with polymers, growing thin films, and intermingling with metal oxides or non-metallic particles. These methods enhance the electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties of liquid metal and can address deficiencies. The modification of liquid metal provides a promising pathway for exploring infinite applications in the future. This chapter aims to provide an overview of the surface, interface, and inner modification of liquid metal.