Antifeedant Activity of the Mixture of Liquid Smoke, Neem Oil and Biosurfactant Against Spodoptera Frugiperda
摘要
Biopesticides provide an alternative advantage over synthetic pesticides because they are environmentally friendly, have low toxicity, and have specific targets. Neem seed extract (Azadirachta indica. A. Juss) can be pest control. The main components of neem oil are azadirachtin, salanin, and nimbin. These components synergistically act as insect growth inhibition, antifeedant, and repellant. On the other hand, wood vinegar is a by-product of the pyrolysis of biomass which has insecticidal properties. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of biosurfactant, neem oil, and wood vinegar composition and their efficacy on Spodoptera frugiperda. Neem oil was added at 10–30%, biosurfactant 10–15%, and wood vinegar was 55–80%. The highest antifeedant effectivity (91.62%) was obtained in a formulation containing.