This chapter discusses the importance of the upcoming field of metamaterials that is extremely pertinent in modern communication systems as well as stealth settings in defence and related areas. Here, we explore various scanning probe microscopy techniques that are being extensively used to characterize such metamaterials, by introducing the idea of how such metamaterials can be synthesized in biological systems like bacteria, fungi, etc. This chapter is intended to further intrigue the researchers working in the exciting domain of metamaterials and would beget the foundations of an advanced secure and sustainable future.