Fluorescence Detection of Collagen Peptides

Collagen peptides serve as crucial biomarkers in diverse pathologies, prompting the need for robust detection assays. Fluorescence, a non-destructive and highly sensitive optical technique reliant on fluorophore emission, enables precise biomolecule quantification. This chapter offers a comprehensive overview of customized fluorescence assays for collagen peptides, notably focusing on fluorescence self-quenching assays. These assays detect changes in fluorescence intensity resulting from close fluorophore proximity, facilitating the assessment of collagen peptide helix composition. Additionally, advanced methodologies employing short probe peptides and the detection of collagen peptides with single amino acid mutations are discussed. Furthermore, the chapter explores graphene oxide-based fluorescence quenching assays, including advancements like the GO paper-based FRET assay and a graphene oxide-aided triple helical aggregation-induced emission biosensor, alongside investigations into fluorescence assays utilizing novel 2D nanomaterials such as WS2 and MoS2. Detailed protocols for conducting both fluorescence self-quenching assays and GO-based fluorescence assays are provided.