Digital services increasingly exhibit characteristics akin to public services. While policy discussions have begun to reflect this reality, there remains a notable absence of explicit legislative recognition within the European Union (EU). This chapter explores the extent to which EU can regulate such digital services—namely search engine services—as a public service. It does so by examining the relevant concepts and provisions under EU law, assessing existing regulatory practices, and evaluating their potential applicability to search engine services, taking Google Search as an example. The chapter concludes that introducing universal service obligations could help safeguard access to search engine services and affirm users’ rights as citizens, thereby rectifying the initial consumerfication of big tech platforms users.

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Google Search as a Public Service

  • Laura Frederika Lalikova

摘要

Digital services increasingly exhibit characteristics akin to public services. While policy discussions have begun to reflect this reality, there remains a notable absence of explicit legislative recognition within the European Union (EU). This chapter explores the extent to which EU can regulate such digital services—namely search engine services—as a public service. It does so by examining the relevant concepts and provisions under EU law, assessing existing regulatory practices, and evaluating their potential applicability to search engine services, taking Google Search as an example. The chapter concludes that introducing universal service obligations could help safeguard access to search engine services and affirm users’ rights as citizens, thereby rectifying the initial consumerfication of big tech platforms users.