This study investigates the electrical and dielectric behavior of four types of polymer composites with different contents of carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphene oxide (rGO) and carbon black (CB) fillers, using impedance spectroscopy over a frequency range of 200 Hz to 1 MHz. Percolation theory is employed to explain the electronic transport mechanisms in these heterogeneous materials. The critical exponents characterizing the behavior of the real (ε′) and imaginary (ε″) components of the complex electrical permittivity were determined as functions of frequency near the percolation threshold. The experimentally determined critical exponents align well with values reported in the literature. Additionally, the complex impedance spectra and Bode diagrams of these composites near the percolation threshold were meticulously analyzed using equivalent circuit models incorporating a constant phase element (CPE).