The rapid development of technology has introduced a wide range of new threat vectors, which present significant challenges across multiple sectors. These threats stem from various sources, including human activities, technological advancements, and natural processes, all of which require innovative approaches to mitigate their impacts. To counter these multifaceted threats, the paper reviews and discusses technological innovations designed to enhance system capacities, such as advanced sensors, Building Information Modelling (BIM), and real-time detection systems. A review of monitoring and data processing systems, including drones, photogrammetry, artificial intelligence, and big data, is provided. The integration of these innovations into counter-threat strategies is essential for addressing the complexity of modern challenges, particularly in areas such as water quality monitoring, anomaly detection, and cybersecurity.