Future challenges in the practice of caring for people with chronic illnesses exist at all three levels addressed in this handbook. At the individual level, the shortage of skilled professionals and the resulting changes to areas of responsibility represent the greatest challenge. For this reason, chronic care requires the strengthening of interprofessional collaboration, as changes within care facilities can only succeed through participatory approaches. In parallel with interprofessional collaboration, there is also a need to reinforce the concept of networking and thus interorganizational cooperation among healthcare institutions. Health policy must establish the legal framework necessary for these changes, replacing the largely failed concept of market-based regulatory policy.