The following section provides an overview of the existing guardianship law, including a digression on measures involving deprivation of liberty, which are based on the provisions of §§ 1814 et seq. of the German Civil Code (BGB). In addition to the need for support and the lack of decision-making capacity of those affected as prerequisites for legal guardianship, guardianship law is applied to chronic illnesses and explained using the example of the reservation of consent, medical interventions, and the right to self-determination.