Musical activities have increasingly become the subject of empirical studies in health science contexts in recent times. Listening to music as well as creative approaches such as singing, dancing, and learning and playing instruments solo or in groups have predominantly positive effects on psychological, physical, social, and mental levels, often regardless of clinical or nonclinical contexts. Nevertheless, music-induced changes are mostly unspecific and may occur in a similar form also in nonmusical activities. At the center of this contribution are some basic assumptions and the development of models that could be useful for the orientation and development of current and future investigations.