This chapter presents the non-invasive electrophysiological methods that can be used to study language processing in the brain without affecting the subject. Electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG) and the measurement of electrodermal activity (EDA) are explained, which make it possible to record even preconscious processes of language processing that remain unnoticed by the subject. Furthermore, the techniques of the analysis of the event-related potential (ERP) and the analysis of the oscillatory synchronization of neuronal ensembles (spectral analysis) are explained and essential results on language processing are presented. In particular, the high temporal resolution of ERP analysis and the measurement of parallel speech processes in spectral analysis are discussed, which make it possible to measure cortical activities in the exact sequence of linguistic meaning assignment during language comprehension.