Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) provide a vital framework for both initial and ongoing training, outlining authentic tasks or action units within the professional workplace. These activities are aligned with job requirements and made visible and verifiable through levels of entrustability or responsibility. Consequently, the surgical management of patients and surgical interventions are considered EPAs. Competencies and key domains are progressively imparted to trainees on an individual basis. This process relies on a robust feedback culture, characterized by continuous observation of trainees and feedback on their performance. EPAs introduce a novel approach to teaching and assessing surgical expertise, promoting certified independence in performing operations. The DaVinci surgical system exemplifies the benefits of this approach, offering sophisticated interaction options that facilitate a clear division of labor between the trainee and the supervisor.