Exercise and training play a central role in the therapy of acute and chronic pain. Various effective forms of exercise and training have been developed, which have proven to be beneficial for pain relief. The goals are, on the one hand, pain relief and, on the other hand, the restoration of function in the affected body areas. Painful or problematic movements can, however, also be modified independently of a specific form of training and adjusted to the patient’s condition through progression and regression. Thus, progressive movement patterns and individualized exercise plans tailored to the patient can be established, which gradually increase activity and prevent avoidance and excessive protection.