The paper provides a review of research accomplished within the project Tradlat hosted by the Institut de Recherche et d’Histoire des Textes in Paris (IRHT, CNRS). Collective work led to a census of Latin translations of vernacular texts from the Middle Ages to the Early Modern Period. Focusing on case studies produced over the years and on further research, this work aims to come to a model taxonomy useful in working on translations from vernacular into Latin. Taking the point of view of philology and sociolinguistics, it scrutinizes textual creation processes and formal issues such as translations preserving a hint of the original vernacular text, self-translations, the producing of Latin ‘intermediate versions’ facilitating translating into further languages scale and the general impact of print. Current procedures such as mapping and network theory are taken into consideration through the lens of philology, trying to work out some notions useful for defining a new field of study.