Ecosemiotics studies sign processes in relation to ecological phenomena. According to ecosemiotics, human culture is surrounded by the sign activities of other life forms, as meaning-making takes place everywhere in nature, from single-celled organisms to complex ecosystem structures. The history of disciplinary ecosemiotics begins in the mid-1990s. The contributions of various authors have resulted in a characteristically broad scope of ecosemiotic research, ranging from the semiotic potential of the material environment to human symbolic representations. In order to effectively address a wide range of topics, ecosemiotics has developed a complex toolbox of concepts and methods. The most important of these are Umwelt analysis and its derivatives, ecofield analysis, semiotic ground, and ecosemiosphere. The impact of human symbol systems on ecosystem semiosis has received much critical attention. Ecosemiotics has provided practical applications, for example, in the development of sustainable multi-species communities and cultural creative practices for restoring nature-cultural systems.