The fourth chapter delves into the heart of medical training therapy: the process of assessment. This pivotal chapter unfolds the methods and tools that professionals use to gain a comprehensive overview of their patients’ physical condition, laying the groundwork for tailored therapy plans. Initially, the chapter focuses on the assessment of strength status, a key aspect in creating individual training programs. It guides through the various technical and formula-based methods for strength measurement, from apparatus-based determinations to renowned formulas such as Epley, Brzycki, and Lombardi, which enable precise estimation of maximum strength. This section not only provides a detailed insight into the theory behind each method but also practical instructions for calculating the ideal training weight for various training goals. The next section focuses on the assessment of endurance status, another critical area for planning effective training therapies. Both apparatus-based and non-apparatus tests are introduced, including the Harvard Step Test and the Cooper Test, which provide professionals with valuable data on cardiorespiratory fitness. Furthermore, the role of exertion and Borg scales in assessing perceived exertion and performance is discussed. The assessment of coordinative status is addressed next, illuminating both apparatus-based and non-apparatus methods for evaluating coordination. This section emphasizes the importance of coordination for overall physical performance and how it can be assessed in practice. Finally, the chapter focuses on joint mobility, an often overlooked but essential factor for health and performance. It explains how mobility can be effectively measured and evaluated to identify limitations and plan targeted interventions. This chapter is an indispensable guide for anyone involved in medical training therapy. It not only provides a solid foundation for assessing physical abilities but also practical tools that therapists, trainers, and patients alike can use to maximize health and performance. Get ready to master the art and science of assessment and revolutionize the effectiveness of your training programs.