Refusing to work in vagabondage leads to the social exclusion of vagabonds. Social re-inclusion occurs through forced work or voluntary return to the work process. Two tendencies can be recognized here on the part of those affected: In addition to re-inclusion in working society, there are also positions of self-determined, permanent exclusion. Examples of overcoming vagabondage and an inclusive return to society and the world of work can be found in socially critical texts of naturalism. Examples of refusal of inclusion, self-determined exclusion and strict refusal to work can be found in particular in the extremely lively vagabond movement of the Weimar Republic. In an avant-garde manner, the voluntarily unemployed vagabond who refuses to work declares himself the guarantor and proclaimer of a free life, however illusionary or utopian these positions may be in terms of the complex of values of work.