Hypnosis

This chapter provides a historical introduction to hypnosis, in which F.A. Mesmer, J. Braid, and H. Bernheim must be mentioned as modern founders, of course also J. Breuer and S. Freud. The focus is on the research results of modern clinical hypnosis, especially its definition, determining factors, and distinctions from similar behaviors such as sleep. The determining elements of hypnosis are suggestion, hypnotizability, induction, and behavior in hypnosis, the so-called hypnosis phenomena. Their scientifically proven factors and effects and their practical relevance, especially for the treatment of anxiety, are highlighted. Key points are the requirements for the hypnotherapist, his communication with the patients, and the practical examples. Overall, the chapter provides a compact introduction to the theory and practice of hypnosis as it is relevant for psychologists, psychotherapists, doctors, and dentists.