Introduction

In recent years, there have been several spectacular breakthroughs in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) such as AlphaGo, DALL-E, and ChatGPT, which were previously unthinkable. ChatGPT, a language model developed by OpenAI, is the latest and most impressive breakthrough. It is capable of generating any type of text at a human level, answering questions, giving interviews, and conducting conversations, thereby passing the Turing Test for the first time, which has been considered the ultimate test in AI research for decades. This challenges our understanding of fundamental concepts such as cognition, intelligence, and consciousness and will have enormous and far-reaching impacts on society and our understanding of the human brain. AI is playing an increasingly important role in neuroscience. Conversely, the transfer of construction and processing principles from biology to computer science promises new solutions for current challenges. Both disciplines are likely to merge even more strongly in the future. To understand something as complex as the human brain, various areas need to work together. This is the founding idea of cognitive science. Computer models of the mind can help us understand how the brain processes information and contribute to the development of smarter machines. This brain-computer analogy relies on two central assumptions. According to computationalism, cognition and information processing are equivalent. Functionalism states that cognitive processes are in principle independent of their physical implementation.