Other Energy-Consuming Situations

In this chapter, further important conditions are mentioned that contribute to increased energy expenditure. These include sleep problems with increased wakefulness, during which one exhibits increased physical activity and therefore expends more energy. Also, there are chronic smoldering infections without a strong inflammatory response, such as chronic liver inflammation with largely normal liver function (viral hepatitis). But also, states of acute and chronic anxiety increase energy expenditure. Smoking represents another energy-consuming situation. Often these things occur together, so the principle of the double hit applies again.