Back Pain in School Children—Overuse or More?

The chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is an autoinflammatory disease of the bone. There are different courses from mild, self-limiting monofocal to chronically active or recurrent multifocal courses. The latter course is also referred to as chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO). The diagnosis of a CNO is made after exclusion of differential diagnoses and includes clinical examination, laboratory tests, imaging, and possibly a biopsy. There is no major prospective therapy study and thus little controlled evidence for treatment. The treatment is largely based on the experience of pediatric rheumatologists. The diagnosis and treatment are explained using a case report.