In this chapter, we will apply the considerations and (computational) procedures made previously to quantitative methods in chemistry. In Part I of “Analytical Chemistry I” you have already become familiar with important topics such as quality assurance and calibration. And it is precisely these topics that we are now revisiting from the point of view of statistics. The concrete goal we are pursuing is: Determination of the (unknown—otherwise we would not need to determine it) concentration c(x) of an analyte whose presence we have already previously determined by a purely qualitative method.