Risk Factors of Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence

The high prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Germany remains persistent. In addition to genetic factors, unhealthy and disease-causing lifestyles, dietary factors, and lack of exercise play a central role in the development of obesity. Overweight and the underlying behavior-related risk factors are significantly influenced by the immediate and broader social environment. Overweight and obesity in children are distributed differently within and between social strata and groups. Children from socially disadvantaged families are much more likely to be overweight or obese than children from privileged families and social classes. It is important for approaches to prevention and/or therapy to recognize and address risk factors for the development of obesity or weight change. In particular, it is also necessary to explore barriers that make it difficult or even impossible for those affected to participate in prevention or therapy programs.