The education system is more than just a place of learning; it is also a formative environment in which identity, social integration, and personal challenges unfold. This chapter highlights how neurodiversity, sexual and gender diversity, as well as experiences of discrimination, influence the identity development and well-being of students. Section 4.1 examines experiences of discrimination among minorities in schools, which can represent a critical phase of identity development and are often marked by stressors and prejudice. Section 4.2 addresses the challenges faced by neurodivergent students, particularly regarding academic performance and mental health, and discusses measures to improve support. Section 4.3 analyzes the impact of heteronormative concepts on LGBT+ students and the need for targeted support. A special section on the connection between LGBT+ affiliation and suicidal behaviour (Section 4.4) provides a detailed examination of the serious consequences associated with discrimination and isolation, and concludes with a case study on support provided by a Luxembourgish service (Section 4.5), which presents concrete approaches and their effectiveness.