This thesis set out to explore why blockchain-based track-and-trace systems, despite their much-discussed technical promise, have seen limited adoption in the PSC. While blockchain theoretically offers transparency, security, and compliance with regulatory frameworks like the EU Falsified Medicines Directive and the DSCSA, few implementations have progressed and moved beyond pilot stages. Therefore, the key research aim was to understand the non-technical barriers holding back adoption and to identify organizational and strategic levers that could enable organizations to overcome them.