In this chapter, I explore family policies and discourses in the pre–AK Party period by examining two distinct historical phases. First, I analyze the pre-1980 era, with particular attention to the dynamics of state feminism during the Republican period. I then turn to the post-1980 context, focusing on the rise of the Islamic movement and its influence on family-related debates and policies. Throughout the chapter, I also highlight the broader economic and political developments that shaped these transformations.