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Karen Grainger (2011) structures the extensive body of politeness research into three waves. This research project is ultimately situated between the first and second wave. Brown & Levinson presuppose that their default Model Person (MP) possesses “rationality and face” (1987: 58; 311). They view face as an attribute, a “loan from society” which can be damaged or lost (‘losing face’) and thus requires constant ‘facework’, “avoiding conflict and aggression and … creating conformity amongst the participants”, to be maintained (Sifianou 2023: 45; Watts 2003: 133). Requests are labelled as face-threatening acts, also called FTAs. They intrinsically threaten the face of not only H but also S.

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Theoretical Framework

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Melanie Heidemann

摘要

Karen Grainger (2011) structures the extensive body of politeness research into three waves. This research project is ultimately situated between the first and second wave. Brown & Levinson presuppose that their default Model Person (MP) possesses “rationality and face” (1987: 58; 311). They view face as an attribute, a “loan from society” which can be damaged or lost (‘losing face’) and thus requires constant ‘facework’, “avoiding conflict and aggression and … creating conformity amongst the participants”, to be maintained (Sifianou 2023: 45; Watts 2003: 133). Requests are labelled as face-threatening acts, also called FTAs. They intrinsically threaten the face of not only H but also S.