In this entry, I provide some (necessarily limited) reflections on current academic debates in the internationalisation of higher education, drawing on extant scholarship from across the social sciences. Interest in higher education internationalisation within academia has grown significantly over the past two decades (Brooks and Waters 2011; Waters and Brooks 2021). This reflects, at least in part, the ‘roll out’ of internationalisation, globally, as more educational institutions engage with the process, to some degree. This piece provides a broad overview of the main themes to have emerged within related scholarship (including socio- economic diversity of the student body, class reproduction and the English language) as well as exploring some of the lesser researched areas of internationalisation (including transnational higher education, branch campuses, scholarships, environmental impacts and ‘non-traditional’ student destination countries). In doing so, it incorporates a discussion of this collection’s themes: diversity, ethics, environment and post-colonialism. One overarching and significant objective guides this discussion, however, and that is to explore the links between geographies and inequalities in academic interventions on the internationalisation of higher education.