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As in Sect. 2.3.3, the statistical analyses were conducted using the R programming language (version 4.2.2), its graphical user interface RStudio (version 2023.12.1, build 402), and various R libraries. Straightforward calculations and basic data organization were performed using Microsoft Excel. The data collection process was carried out using Refinitiv Eikon, which offers multiple ESG metrics.

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Methodology and Data Analysis

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Alexander Schleipfer

摘要

As in Sect. 2.3.3, the statistical analyses were conducted using the R programming language (version 4.2.2), its graphical user interface RStudio (version 2023.12.1, build 402), and various R libraries. Straightforward calculations and basic data organization were performed using Microsoft Excel. The data collection process was carried out using Refinitiv Eikon, which offers multiple ESG metrics.