The chapter analyzes how issues of regional development are addressed in Romania. It shows that proposals for particular regional policies have found little support, and thus governments have failed to offer comprehensive solutions for regional development and disparities. Based on a thorough analysis, the contribution offers an in-depth analysis of the development disparities and differences between the various regions in Romania, such as NUTS 2, NUTS 3, and cultural areas. Despite the efforts of the EU to tackle these problems with the help of European funds and cohesion/regional policies, mostly the capital city managed to benefit from these opportunities, while the regional disparities (measured by GDP) in Romania have continued to grow.