From the lessons learned and the limitations outlined naturally follow recommendations and avenues for future research in the field. Once again starting with the conceptualization, future research can use the flexibility of the new refined general conceptualization of electoral integrity and deduct conceptualizations of electoral integrity for election observers, experts, administrative staff, campaign workers, or candidates. Understanding which dimensions of electoral integrity, i.e., steps in the electoral cycle, are important for their perceptions about elections would improve our overall understanding of what electoral integrity means for different groups.