In general, with regard to the comparability of research results and for economic reasons it is preferable to use well-established measurement instruments. However, as argued in the last chapter, despite the variety of measurement instruments in the field, none of the presented instruments fulfill all necessary criteria to measure citizens’ perceptions of electoral integrity comprehensively and in line with the theoretical conceptualization. Therefore, the remainder of this part of the thesis is dedicated to developing, presenting and testing a new survey-based measurement instrument.