Over the course of three decades, the Republic of Korea has experienced rapid economic growth, transforming into a modern industrialised country with a thriving pop culture and technology sector. The issue of gender inequality represents a considerable challenge for Korean society. Contemporary Korean women have attained high levels of education; nevertheless, the rate of female labour market participation remains comparatively low in relation to other industrialised countries, including those that are members of the OECD. It has been demonstrated that a significant proportion of women elect to leave their professional roles in order to dedicate themselves to domestic duties, whether this is in the context of marriage or the birth of a child. The government has instigated a number of changes, but these have proven to be largely ineffective. This dissertation explores the underlying causes of the phenomenon under investigation by means of statistical analysis, survey results, interviews, and scientific and economic data.