Philippe D’Iribarne is one of the most important French interculturalists. His interpretive empirical research focuses on the interplay of cultures and societies, particularly their development and their response to the challenges of modernity, such as individual autonomy and freedom, community and democracy, and cultural diversity. D’Iribarne tries to explain how these challenges are met from a cultural-historical and cultural-philosophical perspective. For him, societies have certain characteristics and manifestations that can persist as continuities over centuries. In addition to the general study of social phenomena, he has made a significant contribution to cross-cultural management research, where he is particularly well known and respected in the French-speaking world. The main topic is the influence of national cultures on the functioning of organizations. He also studies the international transfer of management practices to non-Western societies.