Alois Moosmüller is a cultural anthropologist and ethnographer. He studied societies in Southeast Asia, especially in Indonesia and later in Japan. Observing the phenomena of the foundation of culture and cultural identity, Moosmüller realized that the actors in a society are always simultaneously formed and guided by these two aspects on the one hand, and that they always actively produce and form culture and cultural identity on the other. Moosmüller tries to mediate between these two views, which have led to a paradigmatic dispute in researching intercultural communication. Using the example of the experiences and perceptions of expatriate managers (sojourners), Moosmüller shows that phenomena from both views of culture are always to be found in these contexts—and that both must be communicated to clients in consulting and training.