The transformation to an all-volunteer force and back to conscription, now gender-neutral, in less than a decade makes Sweden a unique case. Sweden suspended military conscription in 2010 in favor of an all-voluntary defense. During the eight years with the all-volunteer defense (2010–2017), there were difficulties to fully man the organization. This together with a changed security policy situation led to the decision to reintroduce conscription in 2017. Conscription is today supplemented by a voluntary admission. The Swedish Armed Forces (SwAF) are undergoing significant organizational growth, and the spending on defense is increasing again after many years of decline. As the basis for the organizational growth, much is relying on the influx of conscripts. The aim of this chapter is to investigate the attitudes of Swedish army conscripts towards service in the SwAF. Results show that the Swedish conscripts are generally highly motivated and satisfied with their basic military training. The conscripts’ motivation had more impact on the results than if the conscripts were conscripted or volunteer.