Experimental Spray Analysis and 3D-CFD Injection Model Calibration

In order to characterize the spray obtained during injection events from the investigated fluids and injectors, and to gather sufficient experimental data for proper calibration and validation of 3D-CFD injection simulations, a complete spray analysis including high-speed video imaging and Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA) was performed. The measurements were conducted in a constant volume test chamber under a variety of injection conditions, including variations in injection pressure and chamber pressure. To assess the validity of the measurements, not only water was tested, but also two different types of fuel, which were also investigated at the engine test bench and in 3D-CFD engine simulations, i.e. a commercial E10 fuel and the eFuel POSYN, previously described in Chapter 1.2.