Introduction

Literature about women and career in western developed countries has received fair share of interest and attention, and suggests the complexity of the topic due to the gendered social contexts. The persistent barriers related to preconceptions about women and men’s roles in societies continue to hinder women from developing their career in organizational contexts. Women are facing a large number of constraints regarding their access to the formal labour market, such as biases in the recruitment and selection processes, limited training opportunities, and gender stereotypes. Empirical studies undertaken in Western industrialized countries have demonstrated that despite the large range of organizational initiatives and equal opportunity laws, women and other discriminated-against groups continue to remain disadvantaged in organizations in comparison to their male counterparts.