CO2 Emissions and Indicators up to 2019 and Necessary Scenario for Compliance with the 2-Degree or 1.5-Degree Target

Scenarios compatible with the 2-degree and 1.5-degree targets (see Chap. 1) for the Middle East are shown in Fig. 6.1. The corresponding progression of the indicators is depicted in Fig. 6.2. From the year 2020 onwards, both an improvement in energy efficiency and a reduction in the CO2 intensity of energy through the promotion of renewable energies or nuclear energy, possibly CCS, as well as the production of CO2-neutral fuels, are necessary.