Timoshenko Beam Elements
摘要
The influence of shear deformations on the deformation states of beams and plates has been neglected so far, since, concerning slender devices, it is of inferior significance. The fundamental definitions and the governing equations have been originally published by Timoshenko [97] concerning beam structures with isotropic material behavior. Later on, the model has been extended to the description of composite materials in different publications, higher order descriptions of cross–sectional deformations have been added to some extent.