Elbow Dislocation and Recurrent Instability
摘要
Elbow dislocation occurs with disruption of one or more elbow stabilizers: humeroulnar joint, lateral ulnar collateral ligament, and anterior band of the medial ulnar collateral ligament. The most common mode of capsuloligamentous injury with dislocation is the postero-lateral rotatory instability mechanism with the injury starting laterally and progressing medially per the circle of Horri. Complex elbow dislocations involve injury to the bony stabilizers: radial head, coronoid process, including the anteromedial coronoid facet (plafond), and the olecranon. A terrible triad injury involves a radial head fracture, coronoid shear fracture, and ligament injury. Olecranon fracture dislocations often involve the base of the coronoid and radial head fractures. Recurrent soft tissue instability of the elbow falls into three major categories: postero-lateral rotatory instability (PLRI), valgus instability, and postero-medial rotatory instability (PMRI). Complex instability arises as a result of untreated or malunited bony injuries along with ligament injuries.