Electrophoretic displays offer high brightness and contrast across the full range of viewing angles, an “ink on paper” appearance, and image stability. These attributes make electrophoretic displays an attractive candidate in numerous environments, for example, for portable devices that require easy readability in a variety of lighting conditions from indoor to bright sunlight without consuming much power. This chapter reviews the early development of electrophoretic displays and challenges to commercialization, including some technical pathways that were discontinued as well as those that lead to commercial product and are currently manufactured.