Distillation in Water and Used Water Purification

The chapter is covering basics of water distillation and its fundamentals. Distillation is evaporation with subsequent condensation. The vapors formed are condensed by cooling, i.e., they are transformed from the gaseous state back to the liquid state. It is one of the oldest methods of separating liquid or molten substances. In the process of water purification, the source of water could be any type, e.g., be it seawater, contaminated brackish water, wastewater from industry containing any combinations of polluting chemicals or dissolved salts in it, etc. This chapter is primarily focused on the process using distillation as a unit process in recovering high-quality water on any of above sources.