Transfusion Reactions
摘要
Complications of transfusion include multiple adverse outcomes; the most common are transfusion reactions. Transfusion of blood components are a serious cause of morbidity and mortality, ranging from mild to severe and fatal; however due to underrecognizing and underreporting, the real incidence of transfusion reactions is still an approximation. During fiscal 2022 in the United States, transfusion-associated circulatory overload was the leading cause of transfusion-associated death with 44% of fatalities, followed by hemolytic transfusion reactions (non-ABO) with 20% of fatalities, and transfusion-related acute lung injury with 10% of fatalities. Management of transfusion reactions is different according to the presentation, but once a transfusion reaction is suspected, the infusion of the blood component must be stopped, keeping an intravenous line open with saline solution. The vital signs need to be monitored, and the policies and protocols for management of the transfusion reaction need to be followed immediately.