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Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), one of the most common congenital heart defects (CHD) (representing 5–7% of all CHD (Bittel et al. 2011)), is characterized by four specific structural cardiovascular abnormalities: pulmonary stenosis (obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), ventricular septal defect (VSD), overriding aorta, and right ventricle (RV) hypertrophy (Fig. 1). TOF, with an incidence rate of 3 in 10,000 live births (Althali and Hentges 2022), was initially documented as a tetrad in 1673 by bishop and anatomist Nicolas Steno, but a more comprehensive description of its anatomy was provided by the French doctor Étienne-Louis Fallot in 1888 (Fallot 1888; Neill and Clark 1994).

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Tetralogy of Fallot Syndrome

  • 动态工具书词条

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Farhad Shaker,
  • Sepideh Razi

摘要

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), one of the most common congenital heart defects (CHD) (representing 5–7% of all CHD (Bittel et al. 2011)), is characterized by four specific structural cardiovascular abnormalities: pulmonary stenosis (obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), ventricular septal defect (VSD), overriding aorta, and right ventricle (RV) hypertrophy (Fig. 1). TOF, with an incidence rate of 3 in 10,000 live births (Althali and Hentges 2022), was initially documented as a tetrad in 1673 by bishop and anatomist Nicolas Steno, but a more comprehensive description of its anatomy was provided by the French doctor Étienne-Louis Fallot in 1888 (Fallot 1888; Neill and Clark 1994).