Mulching plays a crucial role in modern agriculture by enhancing food production. Nonbiodegradable plastic films, such as polyethylene (PE), are widely used due to their low cost and agronomic benefits, which include weed suppression, soil moisture retention, and soil temperature moderation. However, the accumulation of plastic waste in the soil has become a significant environmental concern. In response, biodegradable mulch films (BDM) have been introduced, made from a variety of polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA), polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and starches, as more sustainable alternatives. BDMs offer similar benefits to PE films, with the additional advantage of degrading in situ, thereby reducing plastic pollution. However, widespread adoption of BDMs faces challenges, such as higher costs compared to PE films and inconsistent biodegradability under different environmental conditions. Furthermore, the degradation of BDMs may release potentially harmful additives into the soil, raising concerns about their long-term impact on soil health and food safety. This chapter explores new mulching technologies, such as water-based spray mulches and bio-based agrotextiles, as sustainable agricultural practices. It discusses the relevance of BDM degradation properties and analyzes strategies to reduce material costs to facilitate their wider adoption. Additionally, research on the comprehensive life-cycle assessment of BDMs, including their environmental and economic impacts, is included to ensure their long-term sustainability.