Spent bleaching earth, a solid waste from the edible oil industry with an unpleasant odor, usually consists of clay minerals (attapulgite or montmorillonite) and residual oil. The residual oil can be rapidly oxidized to the point of spontaneous autoignition due to the autocatalysis of clay minerals, and thus the direct discard and landfill of spent bleaching earth result in the fire danger and environmental pollution. In order to minimize the risk of pollution, many studies are devoted to explore the feasible approaches for recycling spent bleaching earth. Therefore, this chapter provides a summary of recent research progress on the regeneration and recycling of spent bleaching earth by reviewing a comprehensive literature and relevant research achievements, while some suggestions are proposed for the sustainable resource utilization of spent bleaching earth from the perspective of mineral materials.