Occupational skin diseases in textile workers relate to their exposure to several products throughout the different stages of textile processing. These processes may carry several potentially hazardous situations to human health, such as sensitization, irritation, toxicity, or even carcinogenic/mutagenic character. This chapter provides a broad analysis of the previously mentioned situations, including aspects related to prevention and diagnosis. Special emphasis is given to the risks of chemical carcinogens, particularly with the azo dyes class. In this concern, focus is also given to regulatory prescriptions and existing recommendations.